Byakuya Kuchiki (朽木 白哉, Kuchiki Byakuya) is the 28th head of the Kuchiki Clan, one of the four great noble clans in Soul Society. He is also the captain of the 6th Division in the Gotei 13 and his lieutenant is Renji Abarai.
Appearance
Byakuya has slate gray eyes and long black hair, which he keeps up in intricate white headpieces called kenseikan
that symbolize his nobility as the head of the Kuchiki family, wearing
one on top of his head and another on the right side. He wears the
standard captain uniform along with a white scarf made by the master
weaver, Tsujishirō Kuroemon III. The scarf is made from the
silver-white, windflower light silk (ginpaku kazahana no uzuginu)
and is a family heirloom that is handed down from generation to
generation and is given to each head of the Kuchiki family. The scarf
alone is worth ten mansions in the Seireitei. He also wears fingerless white tekkou that covers only the back of his hands.
17 months after the defeat of Aizen, Byakuya wears hairpieces at
the back of his head, but it was noted that those hairpieces were not
kenseikan.He now wears a variation of the captain haori with a high collar which
has light gold on its edges and small, light gold tassels attached to
the corners. The white scarf is also no longer part of his attire.
Personality
As the 28th head of the Kuchiki clan, Byakuya acts in an aristocratic
manner — he always seems serene and apathetic towards other people,
even while actually deeply conflicted. He is also notably calm, even in
battle. He generally acts indifferent, bordering on arrogance, to most
situations that he is faced with as shown from how he rarely views his
opponent as being worth his time. Byakuya is easily offended if his name
is not used properly. As such, he views Ichigo Kurosaki
in disdain for always referring to him improperly. When Byakuya talks
with Ichigo, he calls him by his full name. Byakuya is very perceptive
and is fully aware of the limits of his abilities and usually anything
he states in comparison to an opponent is justified. However, when he
was younger, he was quick to anger and very hotheaded, as noted by his
grandfather.
Byakuya strongly believes in law and order. As the head of one of
the great noble families and as a Gotei 13 captain, he works hard for a
peaceful society. He feels that if someone in his position does not
follow the rules as a good example, no one else will. He also believes
that to maintain the order, all law-breakers must be punished, even if
it goes against his own wishes. Byakuya feels that "part of a captain's
responsibilities are to make sure the lieutenant's responsibilities are
taken care of".
In spite of his icy and regal manner, Byakuya cares for and protects
those important to him. After the events of the Aizen incident, he
admitted that law isn't perfect and became more lenient towards his
adoptive sister, Rukia.
Byakuya is also popular among the female Shinigami of Soul
Society, and was voted number one in the "captain we desire to release a
photo book for" poll taken by the Shinigami Women's Association. He
likes Japanese cherry blossoms, night-time walks, spicy food and
bananas, but he does not like sweets. Byakuya also excels in calligraphy.
History
Byakuya as a teenager, approximately 110 years ago.
Byakuya was born into the Kuchiki family and grew up in the Kuchiki
mansion in Seireitei. He would spend countless hours training, in
preparation to take over the leadership of the Kuchiki family.
Yoruichi with Byakuya during one of her visits.
Yoruichi Shihōin
would often visit the Kuchiki manor to play a game of tag with Byakuya.
On one such occasion, approximately 110 years ago, she is presented to a
training Byakuya by his grandfather Ginrei Kuchiki.
Upon seeing the arrival of Yoruichi, he attacked and insulted her.
Yoruichi playfully began to tease him, complaining about his greeting
after she came all the way there to see him. Byakuya expressed his
displeasure at seeing her and stated that he would be the head of the
Kuchiki clan soon enough, so he has no time to waste on her. After
Yoruichi stole his hair tie, she exclaimed that if the head of Kuchiki
clan could get his hair tie stolen by a girl at play, then she would
worry about its future. She then used Shunpo to escape from him, leaving
an angry Byakuya to claim his superiority and promise to make her see
the error of her ways.
Byakuya about to adopt Rukia Kuchiki into the Kuchiki Clan.
Fifty-five years ago, Byakuya married Hisana Kuchiki, a commoner from Rukongai,
breaking the rules by accepting her into the noble Kuchiki family. Five
years after the marriage, she became sick and was near death. Hisana
asked Byakuya to find and adopt her biological sister, Rukia,
whom she had abandoned as a baby as her final wish. She also made him
promise that he would not tell Rukia that she is her sister. One year later, Byakuya found Rukia at the Shin'ō Academy
and immediately adopted her into the Kuchiki clan. By adopting her,
Byakuya respected his late wife's final wish, but had broken the rules
of his clan again. He later swore upon his parents' graves that he would
never break the rules again, no matter what.
Less than 49 years ago and not long before Rukia joined the Gotei 13, Byakuya became the captain of the 6th Division. Gin Ichimaru became captain of the 3rd Division at the same time, and Gin would commonly start conversations with Byakuya during times they crossed paths.
Powers & Abilities
Byakuya's Battle Data, clockwise.
Top: Offense (90), Top Right: Defense (80), Bottom right: Mobility
(90), Bottom: Kidō/Reiatsu (90), Bottom Left: Intelligence (90), Top
Left: Physical Strength (70). Total: 510/600.Master Swordsmanship Specialist: Byakuya is a master of swordsmanship, capable of flawless precision and lethal attacks with little effort.
Shunpo Master: Byakuya is probably best known for his usage of Shunpo.
Although having been taught by, but never beating "Goddess of Flash"
Yoruichi Shihōin, he is still easily one of the most proficient users of
this skill in all of Soul Society.
Senka (閃花, Flash Blossom): a special Shunpo
technique where one moves to their opponent's back, directly attacking
and sealing one's "Saketsu" and "Hakusui" in two rapid strikes
(effectively cutting them off of their spiritual energy flow). This
attack is his favorite to use.
The movement is so fast that an opponent may not be able to tell
whether he was attacked from the front or the back and even an outside
observer may find it impossible to tell what the movements are.
Utsusemi (空蝉, Cicada, referencing their molting):
Way of Onmitsu, 3rd of the Shihō. It allows for a movement at great
speed, leaving an afterimage behind. It is a technique taught to him by Yoruichi Shihōin.
Kidō Master: Byakuya has displayed his knowledge of high level Kidō
spells, able to cast several in quick succession without the
incantation and with almost no effort and still possessing formidable
power. He has been shown to use spells up to level 81 and possesses
advanced knowledge of Kidō application and consistency. He can use a
low-level spell in rapid succession and with devastating effects, as
well as a counter to attacks. He even uses a low-level lightning spell to burn a hole right through Ichigo's shoulder.
Hakuda Combatant:
While used less often, Byakuya has shown a highly proficient skill in
this area. Byakuya was able to effortlessly knock out several Shinigami
guards stealthily with a single strike each.
Immense Spiritual Power: He is capable of exerting an immense amount of Spiritual Pressure,
which, in league with his already admirable combat skills and finesse,
makes him one of the most formidable captains. His spiritual pressure is
so great it can be felt from a great distance and it has the tendency
to make people perspire in fear. It is implied by Kōga Kuchiki that he is among the few immensely strong heads of the Kuchiki clan, further elaborating on his power level.
Master Tactician: Byakuya is a highly perceptive fighter,
being able to almost immediately determine an opponent's attack patterns
and weaknesses. He is also a crafty tactician, as demonstrated from how effectively he uses his Kidō to confuse his opponents. He can discern the motives and abilities of his opponents and effectively uses his knowledge to end the battle in his favor.
Enhanced Endurance: While not having the most imposing
appearance compared to other Shinigami captains like Kenpachi Zaraki,
Byakuya has shown to be a very resilient fighter. During his fight
against Ichigo, despite gaining severe injuries, Byakuya was still able
to continue fighting effectively and even ignored his wounds to the
point that he seemed unfazed by them. At the end of the fight, he was
still able to perform an impressive Flash Step to leave.
During his fight with the 7th Espada Zommari Rureaux, Byakuya's
durability proved great enough for him to willingly damage himself to
escape from his enemy's possession attack and continued to fight as if
he was unaffected, eventually obtaining victory.
During his fight with Tsukishima, he had his entire left arm mutilated
by Senbonzakura, and still was able to defeat the Fullbringer.
Zanpakutō
Senbonzakura (千本桜, "Thousand Cherry Blossoms"; a reference to Yoshitsune Senbon Zakura):
A regular katana, with a simple cross guard, which is a simple open
frame, much like a four-pane window. It has a bronze guard with lavender
hilt-wrapping and white sheath.
Shikai: It is triggered by the command "Scatter" (散れ, chire).
Shikai Special Ability: In its Shikai,
Senbonzakura's blade separates into a thousand slender, tiny blade
fragments, which then fly away from the hilt, leaving only the sword's
handle in Byakuya's hand. The release can be negated before it
completes, such as when Yoruichi Shihōin wrapped the blade in cloth
during Byakuya's short battle with Ichigo. However, if the release
completes itself, then Senbonzakura is rendered near-unstoppable. While
the blades are supposedly too small to be seen normally, they reflect
light in such a way as to appear as cherry blossom petals. By swinging
Senbonzakura's hilt, Byakuya can control the blade fragments at will,
allowing him to shred opponents at a distance and break through almost
any defense. The blades are also used for defensive purposes, as they can even protect Byakuya from an incoming sword swing. In order to protect Byakuya from his own attacks in both Shikai and Bankai, Senbonzakura possesses a Hurtless Area (無傷圏, mushōken;
lit. "woundless zone") where it does not cut anything that is within
85cm of Byakuya unless he himself allows the blades to enter the area. During his second battle with Ichigo, he controlled the blade fragments with his hands to keep up with Ichigo's speed.
Senbonzakura Kageyoshi
Bankai: Senbonzakura Kageyoshi (千本桜景厳, Vibrant Display of a Thousand Cherry Blossoms):
is essentially a much larger version of Senbonzakura's Shikai. To
activate it, Byakuya needs to drop his sword straight down. The sword
phases into the ground, as though it were a pool of water. Energy
ripples expand out, turning the surrounding area dark, and within
seconds, two rows of a thousand giant blades rise up from the ground.
Those thousand swords then scatter and countless flying blades pierce
the enemy. No one knows the exact number of blades generated and no one
can see the movements of those blades or even dodge them.
The number of blades is great enough that Byakuya can use them for
defense as well as offense at the same time. He commonly forms them into
large masses, designed to obliterate opponents instantaneously. As it
moves through the air like torrents of waves, it gives the appearance of
cherry blossoms flowing swiftly along with the wind. Byakuya's defensive use allows him to cover himself entirely in these tiny blades, and form a body shield.
Unlike his Shikai, his Bankai is entirely mentally controlled. While
Byakuya can control the blades with his mind alone, using his hands
allows him to do so more effectively, making the blades increase in
speed threefold. Similar to his Shikai, its attack is triggered with the phrase Scatter.
Bankai Special Ability: Byakuya's Bankai has several
forms, achieved by arranging the blades in different patterns. Each form
presents a different advantage, such as increasing offense at the
expense of defense. This makes Senbonzakura Kageyoshi one of the most
versatile Bankai in the series. These techniques are activated by saying
the name of the technique, followed by the name of his Bankai,
Senbonzakura Kageyoshi.
Senkei
Senkei (殲景, Slaughterscape;
Viz: "Annihilate"): The true form of Senbonzakura. This unites the
scattered petals into complete glowing swords, numbering in the
thousands, that form four rows. These rows float just above the other,
and circle around Byakuya and his opponent in a continuously moving,
column-like array. It abandons defense in favor of a concentrated
offense. Though visually menacing, this form is not meant for attack
from all sides; rather, it is to concentrate his power into fewer
blades, thus increasing his attack power. While Byakuya can mentally
control these swords as he does his regular blades, he commonly calls
them to his hands for actual melee combat. When in his hand, they lose
their glow, and take the form of his sealed Zanpakutō. While they seem
solid in this state, the swords can just as easily dissipate back into
the multitude of tiny blades that they are made up of. It seems to take
fewer blows from a Senkei blade to gravely injure an opponent than the
multiple cuts needed from the unfocused Bankai. The Senkei also cages
himself with his enemy, allowing neither combatant to move very far from
each other, though the area is still large enough for maneuverability.
The most effective use of the Senkei form is that it allows for use of
all the swords at the same attack level, making it highly versatile as a
way to effectively defeat an enemy unaware of the danger of the
situation. It is extremely rare for him to use this ability, doing so
only when he has sworn to cut down the opponent with his very own hands.
Ichigo was the second being to ever witness the ability.
Gōkei (吭景, Mawscape):
This form increases the number of tiny blades immensely. It creates a
spherical formation of innumerable blade fragments, which swirl around
the opponent like a cloud. It then flies into them from every possible
angle, leaving no blind spots and no possibility to escape. It then
collapses on itself, obliterating the opponent. It was strong enough to
completely obliterate a very large building from the inside out, and the
resulting shockwave generated by the attack is so powerful that Byakuya
himself has to Flash Step away.
Shūkei: Hakuteiken
Shūkei: Hakuteiken (終景: 白帝剣, "Endscape: White Emperor Sword";
Viz: "Last Sight: White Emperor Sword"): This condenses each and every
single one of his blades into a single, potent sword, drastically
increasing its cutting power. The spiritual energy and pressure of this
form released is immense. The blade appears bright white and its aura
takes the form of a bird, earning it the name Hakuteiken (白帝剣, White Imperial Sword;
Viz: "White Emperor Sword"). Pure white wings form on Byakuya's back,
as well as a halo-like circle, made of concentrated spiritual energy.
The blade in this form is dangerous enough to cause aggravated injuries
in one single blow. The wings are capable of being used for flight.Whether or not this form allows only one single attack or more is as yet unknown.
What is the Aura ? Everything in the Universe seems to be just a vibration. Every atom,
every part of an atom, every electron, every elementary “particle”,
even our thoughts and consciousness are just vibrations. Hence, we may define
the Aura as a electro-photonic vibration response of an object to some external
excitation (such as an ambient light for example). This definition is sufficient
for the purpose of reading Auras, providing that we can train ourselves to see
the Aura vibration.
The most important property of the Aura seems to be the fact that it contains
INFORMATION about the
object.
Aura around living (conscious) objects (people, plants ...)
changes with time, sometimes very quickly. Aura around non-living
object (stones, crystals, water...) is essentially fixed,
but can be changed by our conscious intent. Above facts
have been observed by scientists in Russia, who have been
using Kirlian
effect to study Auras for the last 50 years.
The Aura around humans is partly composed from EM (electromagnetic) radiation,
spanning from microwave, infrared (IR) to UV light. The low frequency microwave
and infrared part of the spectrum (body heat) seems to be related to the low levels
of the functioning of our body (DNA structure, metabolism, circulation etc.) whereas
high frequency (UV part) is more related to our conscious activity such as thinking,
creativity, intentions, sense of humor and emotions. Russian scientists, who seem
to be about 3 decades ahead of everyone else in Aura research, make experiments
suggesting that our DNA can be altered, by influencing its microwave Aura. The
high frequency UV part is very important and most interesting but largely unexplored.
And this part can be seen with naked eyes.
Why do we need to see auras ?
Colors and intensity of the aura, especially around and above the head have VERY
special meanings. Watching someone's aura you can actually see the other person's
thoughts before you hear them expressed verbally. If they do not agree with what
this person is saying, you effectively see a lie every time. No one can lie in
front of you undetected. We cannot fake the Aura. It shows our True Nature and
intentions for everyone to see.
Also, aura is our spiritual signature. When you see a person with a bright, clean
aura, you can be SURE that such person is good and spiritually advanced, even
if he/she is modest and not aware of it. When you see a person with a gray or
dark aura, you may be almost SURE, that such person has unclear intentions, regardless
how impressive, eloquent, educated, "good looking" or "well dressed"
he/she seems to appear.
It is ESPECIALLY important to check the aura of any religious leader, "spiritual
teacher", "master" or a "guru". Such a person should
have a clearly defined yellow-golden halo around the head. If he/she does not
have it, you are MUCH better on your own.
Joining a sect or a religion that is led by incompetent people without good Auras
is very dangerous for your consciousness. Where is the danger ? When the time
comes to really use the information stored in your consciousness
from this lifetime, there may be almost nothing useful there, if you focus your
life on following rituals and the flock of other people. In such case it is necessary
to re-learn everything from the beginning. Most sect, religion and political leaders
have only two things in mind: money and power to control people. And you can SEE
it in their Aura for yourself. Imagine changes on Earth if many people can see
Auras of their leaders and start choosing them on the basis of their Auras.
By reading Aura it seems possible to diagnose
malfunctions in the body (diseases) long before physical symptoms become evident.
By consciously controlling your Aura you
can actually heal yourself.
However, healing of the physical body is nothing in comparison to what seeing
and reading auras can do for our consciousness, spiritual development and our
awareness of Nature.
Everyone has an Aura. But most people on Earth have VERY WEAK and dull Auras.
This seems to be a direct consequence of their life long materialistic attitude
negating and suppressing the development of consciousness, cultivating fear, envy,
jealousy and other similar emotions. Such attitude suppresses their True Nature,
and their Auras seem to become suppressed too.
When you learn to see Auras, be prepared for a REALLY HARD question: “Can
you tell me what my Aura is ?” and the situation when you don't see any
Aura or you see something you don't want to talk about. One of the best answers
I found is “why don't you learn to see it for yourself ? “. And this
is one of the main reasons why I teach people to see auras.
When people realize that their Aura is on display and many people are able to
see it, they will watch what they think. And they will try to see and improve
their own Aura. In the process they will become better and wiser, being able to
recognize intentions of other people. Surely, the entire world will become much
better if all people can see and read Auras.
The Black Sword Rune is one of the halves of the Rune of the Beginning.
Representing the offensive power, and nature of separation in order
for creation in "the beginning," this rune holds devastating powers.
Much of the power is manifested in the form of swords, as all of its
spells unleash painful attacks with magical swords.
The earliest known usage of the Black Sword Rune was by Han Cunningham, general of the Highland Army. It's combative nature drove him to battle his friend, Genkaku. When Genkaku refused to fight in the duel, Highland wins the territory surrounding Kyaro Town, where Genkaku later resides.
Han and Genkaku resolve their disputes and seal their runes away at the shrine at Toto Village. The runes remained there until Luca Blight's attack on the village many years later, when Jowy and Riou, bearer of the Bright Shield Rune, are led by Pilika to the shrine.
Two Steps From Hell is a production music company based in Los Angeles, California. Founded by Nick Phoenix and Thomas J. Bergersen on 14 February 2006, the company produces music for movie trailers and for the top ten classical albums on iTunes, Amazon and CD Baby.
In particular, the group's music has been used in trailers for such films as Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 1, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2, Star Trek, The Dark Knight, The Fighter, Rise of the Planet of the Apes, Tron: Legacy, No Country for Old Men, 2012, Captain America: The First Avenger, X-Men Origins: Wolverine, X-Men: First Class, Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End, Super 8, Inception, Drive Angry, The Twilight Saga: Eclipse, Hugo, John Carter, The Town, Priest and Prince of Persia, as well as video games such as Mass Effect 2, Mass Effect 3, Killzone 3, and Star Wars: The Old Republic and television shows such as Doctor Who, Game of Thrones, Sherlock, Revolution and Merlin.
They have released three public albums, Invincible and Archangel. Illusions, formerly known as Nemesis II, was released publicly under Bergersen's name.
Their album Nero was released officially on October 1, 2011.
Their song Heart of Courage is also used in the beginning of UEFA Euro 2012 matches.
On June 4, 2012 a Two Steps From Hell app was announced for iOS and
Android, containing 20 tracks of unreleased music in a compilation
called "Demon's Dance", as well as excerps from their upcoming album Skyworld. The app was officially released on June 26, 2012 for iOS.
Gemini (♊) is the third astrological sign in the Zodiac, which spans the Zodiac between the 60th and 89th degree of celestial longitude. In the Tropical zodiac, the Sun
transits this area of the zodiac between May 21st to June 20th each
year. In Sidereal astrology, the sun currently transits the
constellation of Gemini from June 16th to July 15th (approximately).
Individuals born during these dates, depending on which system of
astrology they subscribe to, may be called Geminians.
Key characteristics and definitions
Gemini Saga
The sign is seasonally associated with the transition from spring to
summer. Because of its association with a change of season, astrologists
describe it as a 'mutable sign',
describing an instinct and impulse towards change and versatility, and
an easy ability to adapt to the demands of the environment.
According to astrology, it is governed by Mercury,
a planet noted for swift movement and symbolically associated with the
interchange of ideas and fluid responses to circumstances. Gemini is
also linked with the 'element of air'
which represents the mental and social realms, the ability to formulate
abstract ideas and to effectively interpret symbols, imagined concepts
and communicative signals.
As the mutable air sign, governed by a planet which is astrologically
given to the principle of transmutation and communication, the symbolic
focus of the sign falls upon movement, quick-thinking, intelligence,
free-flowing expression, gesticulation, and spontaneous reaction. The
sign is symbolised by 'the twins', which also presents duality: the
ability to relate to opposing visions simultaneously, to possess
dexterity and a talent for multi-tasking.
Compatibilities
Generally, the qualities of Gemini are considered to be compatible with those of the other air signs: Libra and Aquarius and to a lesser extent with the fire signs: Aries, Leo and Sagittarius.
However, compatibility based on sun-sign alone is considered to be only
a very general guideline. The branch of astrology dealing with
interpersonal relationships is called Synastry.
In this, astrologers analyse the horoscopes of both parties being
considered with particular reference to the positions of the Sun and Moon and Mars and Venus.
The definition of love has challenged and perplexed thinkers and lovers
since the beginning of time. Cogent explanations follow below.
"One word frees us of all the weight and pain of life: That word is love." - Sophocles
"Attention is the most basic form of love; through it we bless and are blessed." - John Tarrant
"Love is friendship set on fire."
"We love because it's the only true adventure." - Nikki Giovanni
"Love is like quicksilver in the hand. Leave the fingers open and it stays. Clutch it, and it darts away." - Dorothy Parker
"Love is friendship set on fire." - unknown
"Love is an ideal thing, marriage a real thing." - Goethe
"To be in love is merely to be in a state of perceptual anesthesia." - H.L. Mencken
"Love is everything it's cracked up to be. That's why people are
so cynical about it...It really is worth fighting for, risking
everything for. And the trouble is, if you don't risk everything, you
risk even more." - Erica Jong
"Sometimes love is stronger than a man's convictions." - Isaac Bashevis Singer
"Love is the master key that opens the gates of happiness." - Oliver Wendell Holmes
"Maybe love is like luck. You have to go all the way to find it." - Robert Mitchum
"Love stretches your heart and makes you big inside." - Margaret Walker
"Love has no awareness of merit or demerit; it has no scale... Love loves; this is its nature." - Howard Thurman
"Love is like war: Easy to begin but hard to end." - Anonymous
"Love consists in this, that two solitudes protect and touch and greet each other." - Rainer Maria Rilke
"Where love is, no room is too small." - Talmud
"Loves makes your soul crawl out from its hiding place." - Zora Neale Hurston
"Love is the irresistible desire to be irresistibly desired." - Mark Twain
"True love is eternal, infinite, and always like itself. It is
equal and pure, without violent demonstrations: it is seen with white
hairs and is always young in the heart." - Honore de Balzac.
"Love is more than three words mumbled before bedtime. Love is
sustained by action, a pattern of devotion in the things we do for each
other every day." - Nicholas Sparks
"To love is to receive a glimpse of heaven." - Karen Sunde
"A love song is just a caress set to music." - Sigmund Romberg
"Love is an act of endless forgiveness, a tender look which becomes a habit." - Peter Ustinov
"Love is like a violin. The music may stop now and then, but the strings remain forever." - unknown
"Love is the only sane and satisfactory answer to the problem of human existence." - Erich Fromm
"In the final analysis, love is the only reflection of man's worth." - Bill Wundram, Iowa Quad Cities Times
"Love doesn't make the world go round, love is what makes the ride worthwhile." - Elizabeth Browning
"Oh, life is a glorious cycle of song, A medley of extemporanea;
And love is a thing that can never go wrong;
And I am Marie of Roumania."
- Dorothy Parker
"To love is to suffer. To avoid suffering one must not love. But
then one suffers from not loving. Therefore to love is to suffer, not to
love is to suffer. To suffer is to suffer. To be happy is to love. To
be happy then is to suffer. But suffering makes one unhappy. Therefore,
to be unhappy one must love, or love to suffer, or suffer from too much
happiness. I hope you're getting this down."
- Woody Allen
Hujan adalah jatuhnya hydrometeor yang berupa partikel-partikel air
dengan diameter 0.5 mm atau lebih. Jika jatuhnya sampai ketanah maka
disebut hujan, akan tetapi apabila jatuhannya tidak dapat mencapai tanah
karena menguap lagi maka jatuhan tersebut disebut Virga. Hujan juga
dapat didefinisikan dengan uap yang mengkondensasi dan jatuh ketanah
dalam rangkaian proses hidrologi. Hujan merupakan salah satu bentuk
presipitasi uap air yang berasal dari awan yang terdapat di atmosfer.
Bentuk presipitasi lainnya adalah salju dan es. Untuk dapat terjadinya
hujan diperlukan titik-titik kondensasi, amoniak, debu dan asam
belerang. Titik-titik kondensasi ini mempunyai sifat dapat mengambil uap
air dari udara.
Satuan curah hujan selalu dinyatakan dalam satuan millimeter atau inchi
namun untuk di Indonesia satuan curah hujan yang digunakan adalah dalam
satuan millimeter (mm). Curah hujan merupakan ketinggian air hujan
yang terkumpul dalam tempat yang datar, tidak menguap, tidak meresap,
dan tidak mengalir. Curah hujan 1 (satu) milimeter artinya dalam luasan
satu meter persegi pada tempat yang datar tertampung air setinggi satu
milimeter atau tertampung air sebanyak satu liter. Intensitas hujan
adalah banyaknya curah hujan persatuan jangka waktu tertentu. Apabila
dikatakan intensitasnya besar berarti hujan lebat dan kondisi ini sangat
berbahaya karena berdampak dapat menimbulkan banjir, longsor dan efek
negatif terhadap tanaman. Hujan merupakan unsur fisik lingkungan yang
paling beragam baik menurut waktu maupun tempat dan hujan juga
merupakan faktor penentu serta faktor pembatas bagi kegiatan pertanian
secara umum. Oleh karena itu klasifikasi iklim untuk wilayah Indonesia
(Asia Tenggara umumnya) seluruhnya dikembangkan dengan menggunakan curah
hujan sebagai kriteria utama (Lakitan, 2002). Bayong (2004)
mengungkapkan bahwa dengan adanya hubungan sistematik antara unsur iklim
dengan pola tanam dunia telah melahirkan pemahaman baru tentang
klasifikasi iklim, dimana dengan adanya korelasi antara tanaman dan
unsur suhu atau presipitasi menyebabkan indeks suhu atau presipitasi
dipakai sebagai kriteria dalam pengklasifikasian iklim.
Tipe Hujan
Hujan dibedakan menjadi empat tipe, pembagiannya berdasarkan factor yang menyebabkan terjadinya hujan tersebut :
Hujan Orografi Hujan ini terjadi karena adanya penghalang topografi,
udara dipaksa naik kemudian mengembang dan mendingin terus mengembun dan
selanjutnya dapat jatuh sebagai hujan. Bagian lereng yang menghadap
angina hujannya akan lebih lebat dari pada bagian lereng yang ada
dibelakangnya. Curah hujannya berbeda menurut ketinggian, biasanya curah
hujan makin besar pada tempat-tempat yang lebih tinggi sampai suatu
ketinggian tertentu.
Hujan Konvektif Hujan ini merupakan hujan yang paling umum yang
terjadi didaerah tropis. Panas yang menyebabkan udara naik keatas
kemudian mengembang dan secara dinamika menjadi dingin dan berkondensasi
dan akan jatuh sebagai hujan. Proses ini khas buat terjadinya badai
guntur yang terjadi di siang hari yang menghasilkan hujan lebat pada
daerah yang sempit. Badai guntur lebih sering terjadi di lautan dari
pada di daratan.
Hujan Frontal Hujan ini terjadi karena ada front panas, awan yang
terbentuk biasanya tipe stratus dan biasanya terjadi hujan rintik-rintik
dengan intensitas kecil. Sedangkan pada front dingin awan yang terjadi
adalah biasanya tipe cumulus dan cumulunimbus dimana hujannya lebat dan
cuaca yang timbul sangat buruk. Hujan front ini tidak terjadi di
Indonesia karena di Indonesia tidak terjadi front.
Hujan Siklon Tropis Siklon tropis hanya dapat
timbul didaerah tropis antara lintang 0°-10° lintang utara dan selatan
dan tidak berkaitan dengan front, karena siklon ini berkaitan dengan
sistem tekanan rendah. Siklon tropis dapat timbul dilautan yang panas,
karena energi utamanya diambil dari panas laten yang terkandung dari uap
air. Siklon tropis akan mengakibatkan cuaca yang buruk dan hujan yang
lebat pada daerah yang dilaluinya.
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